Progesterone

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Progesterone and estrogen are the two main female hormones. Progesterone is a steroid hormone that participates in the menstrual cycle of women, in pregnancy and in embryogenesis.

Below you have an index with all the points that we will discuss in this article.

Index

Progesterone

It is a hormone that is produced in the adrenal glands, the brain, in the ovaries and during the gestation period in the placenta.

Progesterone: the pregnancy hormone

Progesterone and menstrual cycle

Progesterone levels increase during the second half of the menstrual cycle, just after ovulation, to decrease in the fourth week of the cycle if fertilization is not carried out.

During this cycle, progesterone produces two effects, the increase of the mammary glands in the days before menstruation and the retention of fluids producing a slight increase in weight during those days.

Progesterone and pregnancy

Progesterone is known colloquially as the pregnancy hormone since its role is essential for it to take place. Your participation in pregnancy is very important, prepare the matrix for pregnancy helping the mother's body accept the new baby. This preparation of the uterus consists of thickening the cervical mucus so that it becomes impermeable to the sperm.

At the time of pregnancy, progesterone is increased markedly and its decrease favors the time of delivery.

It is also important in the post-partum period since it is what facilitates the production of breast milk.

Serum progesterone

Serum progesterone is a test that measures the level of progesterone in the blood. This test is done with the objective of detecting any type of disorder of the levels of it.

If blood levels of progesterone exceed normal levels, it can be caused by:

  • Pregnancy
  • Adrenal cancer
  • Ovarian cancer
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

If, on the contrary, these levels are below normal, it can be as a consequence of:

  • Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation)
  • Fetal death
  • Threatened abortion

This measurement of progesterone levels is usually practiced in cases of infertility or in case of having suffered recurrent miscarriages (several successive abortions).

Progesterone is also present in contraceptives.

The consumption of progesterone as a medication must always be done under medical prescription and only if the levels are considered low. Progesterone treatment is used to decrease the rate of recurrent miscarriages, prevent premature delivery and in the face of threatened abortion.

Other uses of this hormone are in menopause, it produces menstruation in a woman's fertile age and helps reduce uterine cancer. In addition, it is also used for some hormonal imbalances along with estrogen, in cases of endometriosis or uterine bleeding.


assisted reproduction in (Spain)

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