Hatching assisted before the embryo transfer

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Assisted hatching, also called assisted hatching in English, is a complementary technique that can be done to embryos in culture during an in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

It consists of making a small hole in the zona pellucida of the embryo in order to facilitate the exit of the expanded blastocyst, a phenomenon known as hatching, and thus improve implantation rates.

Assisted hatching is not routinely used in assisted reproduction laboratories, but it is indicated in some cases of frozen embryos before their transfer.

Below you have an index with all the points that we will discuss in this article.

Index

Assisted hatching before embryo transfer

What is hatching?

The eclosion of the embryo is a natural process that takes place on the 6th day of embryonic development, by which the embryo in the blastocyst state is released from the protein layer that surrounds it, called the zona pellucida, and goes out to the outside.

The zona pellucida is the outer membrane of the embryo that protects it until, finally, it manages to hatch and implant in the uterus.

The fertilized ovules present a zona pellucida about 0.015-0.020 mm thick in its first days of development, since at this stage the embryo multiplies its cells but does not increase in size.

As growth and embryonic volume progress, this outer protein layer thinns until it breaks down because the cellular content no longer fits inside.

Depending on whether the hatching has already taken place or not, 3 types of blastocysts are differentiated:

Blastocyst expanded the embryo presents a large size and the zona pellucida is thinner.Blastocyst hatching or hatching the zona pellucida has been broken and the embryo is coming out.Blastocyst hatched or hatchedel embryo has already completely detached from the zona pellucida.Brass development and hatching

You can continue reading about this topic in the following article: The classification of blastocysts.



Assisted hatching

Occasionally, some embryos have a thickened or deformed zona pellucida that hinders their exit and, therefore, can lead to implantation failures.

To solve this problem, assisted reproduction has the assisted hatching technique: make a hole in the outer layer of the embryo and facilitate its exit.

Next, we will comment on several details about this assisted hatching.

Indications

Assisted hatching is not routinely done in all laboratories. It is only indicated in specific cases such as the following:

  • Fertilized ovules with thickened zona pellucida.
  • Transfer of thawed embryos, since the vitrification produces a hardening of the zona pellucida.
  • Women over 37 who have problems getting pregnant.
  • High values ??of serum basal FSH.
  • Repeated failures after several cycles of IVF.
  • Embryos with slow development. For example, when on day 3 they have less than 6 cells.
  • Embryos with the zona pellucida of an abnormal or obscured color.
  • Embryos with high percentage of fragmentation. By making the hole in the zona pellucida, it is used to aspirate the fragments.

It should be noted that those embryos biopsied to make a PGD will have already made the hole and, therefore, hatch easily once they reach the stadium of expanded blastocysts.

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