Cryptorchidism: a testicular disorder that causes infertility

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Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is a congenital anomaly where one or both testicles do not descend correctly and remain in the abdominal cavity or the inguinal canal instead of reaching the scrotum. This anomaly is frequent in premature babies and, in most cases, it is a right unilateral cryptorchidism. In adults, it may result in impaired fertility.

Below you have an index with all the points that we will discuss in this article.

Index

What is cryptorchidism?

Cryptorchidism is the absence of at least one of the two testes in the scrotum due to an alteration in the descent of these during fetal development. It is the most frequent congenital malformation related to the external male genitalia.

We distinguish two types:

Unilateral cryptorchidism only one of the two testicles does not descend correctly. It is the most common form, since it accounts for 85% of cases. In addition, it is more common for the right testicle to be affected: approximately 70% of unilateral cases. Bilateral cryptorchidism, one of the two testicles descends to the scrotum. Cases of bilateral cryptorchidism are less common (15%).

This anomaly is found with a frequency of 3 to 9% in full-term infants and approximately 30% in premature infants. In most cases, the descent of the testicle will take place spontaneously before the first 12 months of the baby's life. In fact, up to two thirds of the cases descend before 4 months. Only 0.8-2% of children have cryptorchidism after the first year of life.

Cryptorchidism and fertility

The most common is that the testicle is along the path that should have followed to descend to the scrotum, the most common location being inguinal (80% of cases).

Cryptorchidism is asymptomatic, that is, it does not cause symptoms. The only thing the patient can notice is the empty scrotal bag.




doppler ultrasound in Barcelona(Spain)

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