Fertility disorders associated with celiac disease

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Celiac disease is a hereditary autoimmune disease that consists of an intolerance to wheat gluten, and other cereals such as barley, rye and oats. Those affected have inflammatory reactions in the mucosa of the small intestine in the presence of gluten (protein), which hinders the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Below you have an index with all the points that we will discuss in this article.

Index

Fertility disorders associated with celiac disease

Experts believe that 1 in 100 people is celiac, being the most common intestinal disorder. Although the exact reason is not known today, it is known that women are twice as likely to suffer from the disease as men.

The immune system of those affected reacts exaggeratedly to this protein present in the food bolus after consuming cereals, so it "attacks" the areas where it is affecting the microvilli of the intestine and preventing them from absorbing macro and micronutrients.

Diagnosis of celiac disease

Celiac disease (CD) can occur at any time of life, from breastfeeding to adulthood. It is estimated that a high percentage, up to 75%, has not been diagnosed. The main reason is that until a few years ago only the most common symptomatological picture was known, but there are multiple atypical forms of manifestation. The new diagnostic tests along with the research advances have revealed the different types of celiac disease, which are:

  • Symptomatic EC: is the most common type with well-defined symptoms.
  • Subclinical EC: without symptoms, but testing positive against diagnostic tests.
  • Latent EC: these patients have gluten intolerance only in certain cases.

The most common symptoms are: diarrhea, swelling of the abdomen and skin rashes. But there are other less frequent manifestations, some related to gynecology and obstetrics.



Symptoms related to fertility

Some atypical symptoms of celiac disease are related to fertility problems, especially in women. Many have their first menstruation late (late menarche), with secondary amenorrhea, difficulty having children, a higher incidence of spontaneous abortions, early menopause, as well as delayed intrauterine growth in the most severe cases.

Many of the women with infertility of unknown origin could be celiac and not have knowledge of it, since they would present the asymptomatic variety. It would be advisable to carry out a serological screening test in order to rule out the disease. If the result is positive, they should maintain a gluten-free diet throughout their lives and try again to get pregnant.






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