Imc and pregnancy search

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Infertility is an increasingly common problem in the general population, with an incidence of 9-15% in developed countries.

Below you have an index with all the points that we will discuss in this article.

Index

BMI and pregnancy search

There are several reasons why the number of patients who resort to assisted reproduction has increased. The most common causes are delayed maternity, exposure to harmful environmental factors, alcohol and tobacco consumption, stress and also obesity.

Effects of poor diet

Year after year, the population that is obese increases worldwide. A poor diet, without time to eat, with excessive caloric intake along with lack of physical exercise make a large part of people overweight.

Calculation of BMI

To know if a person is at a healthy weight is created the Body Mass Index, better known as BMI, with a simple mathematical formula relates the weight of a person with his height. Before calculating it, you must transform the height, you must calculate the square of the height to apply the formula.

To calculate your BMI you need to know your weight and height. It is achieved by performing the following division: BMI = Weight (Kg) / Height² (meters²). The World Health Organization (WHO) considers that the nutritional status of the human being is healthy when the BMI is between 18 and 25.

In the area of ??gynecology and reproduction, obesity has been associated with alterations in menstruation, hirsutism, infertility, spontaneous abortion and obstetric complications. It has been seen that in obese women infertility is more frequent and in them it is more common that the results of assisted reproduction techniques are worse. This is because in these women the follicular development is altered and, as a consequence, there is a lower embryo quality and a lower implantation rate of the embryo than in women with a normal Body Mass Index (BMI).

Effect of BMI in reproduction

However, a too low BMI can also have negative effects on fertility, both in men and women. It is known that approximately 12% of primary infertility can be due to problems in normal weight.

It has been seen that body fat has an effect on GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone). This hormone is responsible for the release by the pituitary gland of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH); These two hormones play a very important role in the development of the ovules and also in the production of sperm.



Effects of overweight on fertility

In the case of overweight women (BMI> 25), a high risk of sterility has been detected when ovulation does not occur correctly. They have seen what is called "resistance to gonadotropins", so when it comes to undergoing assisted reproduction treatment will need a higher dose (both LH and FSH) of hormones to have an adequate ovarian response .

In addition, in these women an overproduction of insulin can be generated, which can cause an irregular ovulation. This is why it has been seen that there is a connection between the degeneration of fats, the overproduction of insulin and the well-known Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). It should also be borne in mind that obesity implies a risk if gestation is achieved, since it increases the possibility of spontaneous abortion.

Diet and male fertility

In men, obesity can also alter seminal production. This is because to carry out spermatogenesis (sperm formation), man needs a certain amount of estrogen, a typical female hormone, and since fat cells produce estrogen, having too much fat can affect sperm production .



Effects of low weight on fertility

Drastic weight loss or low weight (BMI <18) can also influence a woman's fertility.

In these cases, the production of GnRH is also reduced. As a result, ovulation can become irregular or even interrupted, especially when there is a situation of anorexia nervosa. The decrease of this hormone can also affect the endometrium making embryo implantation difficult, thus decreasing the chances of pregnancy.

In the case of men, low weight may imply a decrease in sperm motility and a lower concentration of sperm.



Recommendations to achieve pregnancy

As a conclusion indicate that in any of these two situations, it is advisable to advise patients a change in their lifestyle and eating habits since the recovery of normal weight can stabilize the hormonal imbalances thus restoring fertility.

  • In women with low weight (BMI <18): The use of medications, such as GnRH analogues or gonadotropins, can improve fertility.
  • In overweight women (BMI> 25): Drugs such as gonadotropins or clomiphene citrate may also benefit overweight women. However, controlling weight accompanied by psychological support is usually the best treatment to improve fertility.

Maintaining a healthy weight is advisable for health in general, but especially if you want to have a child. With an adequate weight, the woman as well as being more likely to get pregnant will have a pregnancy with a lower risk of complications.


embryo donation in Madrid(Spain)

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