Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy

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Heart disease is the first non-obstetric cause of maternal morbidity and mortality during pregnancy. For this reason, the Spanish Heart Foundation points out the importance of caring for the heart during pregnancy. According to the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC), approximately two out of every hundred pregnant women have complications during pregnancy as a result of heart disease.

Below you have an index with all the points that we will discuss in this article.

Index

Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy

Dr. Irene Madariaga, head of the Cardiology section of the Hospital Complex of Navarra, recommends pregnant women more control, especially to their hearts in those cases in which there is a previous disease or pathology. The risk increases in pregnancy.

Causes

It is important to note that in pregnancy there are physiological, metabolic and anatomical changes. Some of these phenomena affect the heart, since the cardiac output increases up to 50% in order to favor greater oxygen supply in maternal and fetal tissues such as the uterus, placenta and breast.

Heart problems during pregnancy

Dr. Milagros Pedreira of the Cardiology and Coronary Unit Service of the University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela points out that all the metabolic processes of pregnancy lead to a situation of hyperdynaemia that can produce in some pregnant women a slight heart murmur. Dilation of the atrium also generates small arrhythmias that are common in pregnancy, especially those that already had them. According to the doctor, they are usually punctual phenomena without any transcendence that disappear after childbirth.

Prevention

It is very important to prevent complications in pregnancy that those women diagnosed with a heart disease are evaluated before being tape. But in pregnant women without previous ailments it is also important to have a medical check-up, with a physical examination and anamnesis, including cardiopulmonary examination. It should be remembered that many symptoms of pregnancy simulate those caused by heart disease. They must, therefore, look for signs of illness.

Prevent cardiovascular complications

Also, it is recommended to keep a strict control over the consumption of certain medications, since it is very important to determine when they are really necessary. It is important to reduce the risks that may occur in the fetus or mother.

In pregnant mothers, it is vital to regularly monitor blood pressure, monitor clinically and eventually through tests (echocardiography) cardiac function, decrease physical activity, restriction of salt intake, should avoid the use of oral anticoagulants during the first trimester given the risk of teratogenicity, prophylaxis of endocarditis, not consuming tobacco and leading a healthy lifestyle.

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